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1.

Nesina I. P. 
The study of chromosomal instability in patients with endometrial cancer [Електронний ресурс] / I. P. Nesina, N. P. Iurchenko, S. V. Nespryad’ko, L. G. Buchynska // Experimental oncology. - 2014. - Vol. 36, № 3. - С. 202-206. - Режим доступу: http://nbuv.gov.ua/UJRN/EOL_2014_36_3_12
Aim - study is devoted to evaluation of sensitivity of peripheral blood T-lymphocytes (PBL) of patients with endometrial cancer (EC) to genotoxic effect of bleomycin and detection of patients with hidden chromosomal instability. Methods: PBL of 24 EC patients (mean age 58,9 +- 2,9) and 10 healthy women-volunteers (mean age 55,7 +- 2,3) were subjected to cytogenetic analysis. Mean spontaneous level of chromosomal aberrations (CA) per 100 analyzed lymphocytes (CA/100) of healthy women has equaled 2,7 +- 0,6, i.e. has not exceeded maximal values of healthy population and was significantly lower (p << 0,05), than in PBL of EC patients (6,9 +- 0,6). After incubation of PBL with bleomycin, number of CA/100 significantly was increased both in control (11,5 +- 1,3) and in EC patients (21,9 +- 1,0). Spontaneous chromosomal instability has been observed in 41,7 %, increased sensitivity to bleomycin - in 54,2 % and hidden chromosomal instability in 37,5 % of patients with EC. It has been shown that level of specific damage of genome in EC patients has constituted 2 x 10-5, and after exposure with bleomycin, it was increased 4,5 times (9 x 10-5), that was significantly higher (p << 0,05) compared to control (8 x 10-6 and 1,0 x 10-5, respectively). Conclusion: these results have demonstrated, that PBL of most patients with EC are characterized by apparent genome alterations, which are manifested by increased number of spontaneous and induced chromosomal damages, hypersensitivity to mutagens and hidden chromosomal instability.
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2.

Glushchenko N. M. 
Risk assessment of cancer of the female reproductive system [Електронний ресурс] / N. M. Glushchenko, I. P. Nesina, N. P. Iurchenko, L. A. Proskurnya, L. G. Buchynska // Experimental oncology. - 2014. - Vol. 36, № 3. - С. 207-211. - Режим доступу: http://nbuv.gov.ua/UJRN/EOL_2014_36_3_13
Aim - to create an information resource concerning multifactorial oncological diseases of (he female reproductive system. A comprehensive search of the literature in the PubMcd and Ukrainian scientific sources published from 1995 to 2014 and the results of researches performed in R. E. Kavetsky Institute of Experimental Pathology, Oncology and Radiobiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine. Development environment of information resource "Multifactorial oncological disease" was Borland Delphi. The information content of web page concerning cancers of the female reproductive system was posted in the information resource "Multifactorial oncological disease". The assessment algorithm of genetic contribution to cancers of the female reproductive system and recurrent risk of cancer development in families have been described. These algorithms can be used in assessment of contribution of genetic and environmental factors in the development of malignant tumors.
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3.

Iurchenko N. P. 
Comprehensive analysis of intratumoral lymphocytes and FOXP3 expression in tumor cells of endometrial cancer [Електронний ресурс] / N. P. Iurchenko, N. M. Glushchenko, L. G. Buchynska // Experimental oncology. - 2014. - Vol. 36, № 4. - С. 262-266. - Режим доступу: http://nbuv.gov.ua/UJRN/EOL_2014_36_4_11
Aim - to study the tumor microenvironment (CD4+, CD8+ and FOXP3+ lymphocytes) and FOXP3 expression by tumor cells and correlation of studied parameters with clinical and morphological characteristics of endometrial adenocarcinomas. Tumor samples from 40 patients (mean age 56,9 +- 2,8) with endometrial cancer (EC), who did not receive special treatment before surgery (chemotherapy, radiation therapy and hormontherapy), were investigated. Morphological, immunohis-tochemical methods as well as methods of mathematical statistics were applied in the study. It has been determined that high quantity of FOXP3+ tumor cells and intratumoral CD4+ and CD8+ T-Iymphocytes along with the low content of FOXP3+-lymphocytes is typical for the endometrial adenocarcinomas of high differentiation grade (G1). In poorly differentiated (G3) EC an increase of number of FOXP3+-lymphocytes and decrease of CD4+ and CD8+ lymphocytes in lymphocytic infiltrate have been observed. Moreover, decrease of the content of FOXP3+ tumor ceils has been determined. In EC patients correlation between the following parameters has been detected: proliferative activity and deep invasion of tumor in myometrium (R = 0,74); depth of invasion correlated with the number of the FOXP3+ tumor cells (R = -0,63) and number of CD4+ and CD8+ lymphocytes (R = 0,68 and R = -0,55 respectively) in lymphocytic infiltrate. Thus, results of this study are the evidence of significance of the lymphocytic components of tumor microenvironment and content of FOXP3 expressing tumor cells in EC progression. Conclusion: quantitative changes of tumor microenvironment, such as number of CD4+, CD8+ and FOXP3+ lymphocytes and content of FOXP3+ tumor cells correlate with biological characteristics of EC.
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4.

Buchynska L. G. 
FOXP3 gene promoter methylation in endometrial cancer cells [Електронний ресурс] / L. G. Buchynska, N. P. Iurchenko, N. P. Verko, K. A. Nekrasov, V. I. Kashuba // Experimental oncology. - 2015. - Vol. 37, № 4. - С. 246-249. - Режим доступу: http://nbuv.gov.ua/UJRN/EOL_2015_37_4_4
Aim - to determine the methylation level of promoter region of the FOXP3 gene promoter depending on the heterogeneity of intracellular localization of its protein product in endometrial cancer (EC) cells and assess its relation to the clinical and morphological features of tumor. Samples of surgical material of 40 EC patients who have not received any specific treatment before the surgery, were studied. Real time methylation-specific PCR (MSP) as well as morphological and immunohis-tochemical methods were used in the study. Methylation of promoter region of the FOXP3 gene was determined in all EC cases, but variability of the methylation level in EC cells from 45,0 % to 85,0 % was observed. With tumor progression and in tumors with deep (<$Esymbol У~1 "/" 2>) invasion in myometrium, an increase of the methylation level of the FOXP3 and of cell number with cytoplasmic FOXP3 localization was observed. In EC patients the correlation between of methylation level of the FOXP3 gene and the number of FOXP3<^>+ tumor cells with cytoplasmic expression (r = 0,41) was determined. Conclusion: The methylation level of FOXP3 gene promoter region and intracellular localization of its protein product are associated with tumor differentiation grade and the depth of myometrial invasion.
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